Thailand

Thailand

The only country in Southeast Asia never formally colonized, the Thai people have a confidence that is distinguishable from their neighbors. Fighting off colonial control by the Portuguese, French and British, Thailand became an absolute monarchy under King Chulalongkorn in 1868 and a constitutional monarchy in 1932, changing its name from Siam to Thailand. Successive military coups have removed democracy from the Thai people. Theravada Buddhism, its rituals and practices, is a central tenet of Thai culture. Art, architecture, music, and literature are strongly influenced by Hindu and Buddhist traditions. Respect for ancestors, elders, educators, and monks is a pivotal aspect of social life, hierarchy, and status. Minority groups make up 34% of Thai society. They have distinct languages, traditions, dress, and cuisine.