Spain

As with Italy, early Phonecians, Greeks, and Carthinagians occupied the Iberian Peninsula. The Romans conquered Spain and their influence over Spanish culture was enduring. 
Spain (Hispania) was invaded by the Umayyad Caliphate from Baghdad in the early 7th Century and Muslim rule continued until 1492.
Although Islamic influences are apparent in art and architecture, Christian and Roman icons and rituals have had a profound effect on Spanish culture.
Regional variations are pronounced with languages, such as Catalan and Basque, being a major marker of heritage and culture.